March 8

Patricians and Plebeians become more separated into villa life. Patricians built houses and villas on the coast of Naples. The plebeians did not enjoy life and had to strive to survive daily.
The bay of Naples was home to a hospitable climate and fertile soils.

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi-
These brothers realized the major differences between patricians and plebeians
The brothers were members of the Populares party.
The assassination of the brothers Gracchi marked the first political assassinations in Rome.

91-88 BC
A war flares out in which the cities around Rome strike out upon the patricians.
This is known as the social war.
After this war two generals, Marius and Sulla, have armies that are loyal to them instead of Rome itself.
The two generals become adversaries and Sulla marches on Rome, where Marius is seen defending. Sulla handedly defeated Marius' army but does not seize power.

Julius Caesar
Born into a patrician family whose nobility has faded in the years. Caesar wants to bring back the fame of his ancestors. Caesar runs for consulship and needs support from his patrician allies, which is a problem in that they do not take kindly to him. Instead Caesar goes to the streets and wins the votes of the commoners. He is voted into the consulship but the patricians make his term as difficult and irritating as possible.
After his term Caesar is sent to be the governor of Gaul. It is in the middle of nowhere and is another instance of the other patricians exacting revenge upon Caesar. He seizes this opportunity to conquer Gaul and other cities in close proximity. Caesar is tried for doing this as he was not instructed by Rome to do this. Caesar crossed the Rubicon river and said, "The die is cast."

The senate turned to Pompey to save them from the impending threat of Caesar.

Caesar and Pompey face off at the Battle of Pharsalus. Caesar and Mark Antony defeat Pompey's troops and Pompey flees for Egypt. An assassin is waiting for him and decapitates him, presenting the head to Caesar when he arrives. Caesar met the ruler of Egypt, Cleopatra, and has an affair with her. When Caesar returns to Italy he is hailed as a ruler which turns into dictator for life.

 

Romance languages originated in Rome and Roman provinces.