Athens

Located on the peninsula of Attica
Over one quarter of the entire population of Greece live in Athens- 5 million people
The ancient city of Athens revolved around the acropolis
Near the acropolis there is a sacred grove of Dionysus and outside of this there is a theatre where competitions for a certain playwright's entries to be performed. This was a great honor.
Acro-High  Polis-City
Temple of Athena Nike
After winning the Persian War the Athenians constructed this temple to protect their city.

Parthenon
Made of duric columns ending with squares at the top.
Oldest building in the acropolis beginning circa 480 BC
Funded for by the rewards Athens received from winning the war.
There is a freeze, a picture around the inside top of the Parthenon. It depicted a procession march.
The entire town of Athens would march up to the Parthenon and the women would wrap a statue of a woman God with linens

Pericles
Age of classical Greece is known as the age of Pericles
Pericles wanted the Greek city states to form as one to benefit each and every city.
Pericles wanted to use the funds from the war to build a navy.
He opened up the arts to rebuild the acropolis after the Persians had burned it down. This results in the creation of the Parthenon.

Free male men
Were obligated to participate in the wars if their name was picked to be drafted
Were required to vote

480 BC
Battle of Salamis
Athens and Sparta join forces to defeat the Persians
Athenians built "long walls" that went from port to the inner city. These walls also served a dual purpose, keeping the enemy trapped in the walls. The Athenians could easily defeat the invading Spartans.
But soon the Spartans maneuver their way out of the walls and have the Athenians trapped inside with the gates locked. Plague breaks out and many people perish from disease.

Alcibiades
Created the idea that the Athenians should invade Sicily, the Sicilian Expedition.
The night before the ships were prepared to leave, someone had vandalized the city and the enemies of Alcibiades convinced the people that Alcibiades was involved.  
Alcibiades left on the expedition and was tried in absentia and the people tried to catch up with him. He flees to Sparta.  
When the Athenians arrive in Sicily Spartan and Sicilian troops are waiting for them and it is one of the most brutal defeats in all of Greek history.